Weight loss - a healthy approach
Summary
Weight loss can be achieved by
balancing a healthy level of physical activity with eating a nutritious diet.
Crash diets, fad diets and ‘yoyo’ dieting do not help you lose weight. They can
also cause stress and increase the likelihood of binge eating.
Eating a balanced, nutritious diet and being
physically active is the best way to stay healthy and help reduce your risk of
disease.To maintain a stable weight, your energy (kilojoule) intake needs to
equal the energy you use. If you use more energy than you consume, you will
lose weight. On the other hand, if you eat more than you use, you will gain
weight.
The sensible answer to losing excess body fat is to make small healthy changes
to your eating and exercise habits. These changes should be things that you can
maintain as part of your lifestyle – that way you will lose weight and keep it
off.
Don't skip meals
Skipping meals is not recommended. In fact, if you skip meals you may
find you eat more when you do eat and this may lead to a larger stomach
capacity. Studies show that stomach capacity can increase if large individual
meals are eaten. This can then increase the amount of food you need at each
meal before you feel ‘full’. This is not a reason to starve yourself if you’re
trying to lose weight.
'Yoyo' diets will slow your metabolism
Many people who need to lose weight try crash dieting, which is a short-term
solution that will increase your body fat levels in the long term. Continual
cycles of dieting, weight loss and weight gain are called 'yoyo' dieting. Yoyo
dieting does not help you to maintain a healthy body weight. Your body responds
to these periods of semi-starvation by lowering its metabolic rate.
When you lose weight, you lose fat and muscle. Muscle burns calories but fat doesn't.
So, when you then stop dieting and eat normally again, your body will burn even
fewer calories than before because the relative amount of muscle in your body
has decreased and your metabolic rate is slower.
This kind of eating pattern can also affect your general health – just one
cycle of weight loss and weight gain can contribute to an increased risk of
coronary heart disease, regardless of body fat levels. That's why it's
important to maintain the weight loss.
Think about when and why you overeat
Some of the factors that can lead to weight gain include:
- Night eating
- Social eating
- Habitual eating.
If you can avoid unplanned or
habitual eating, and keep to regular meals and snacks, this will help you to
lose weight. You could also try to eat less food at each meal and increase the
number of high-fibre, high-carbohydrate, low-saturated-fat meals and snacks you
eat throughout the day.
You should try to find healthy ways to cope with stress or emotional upsets.
A healthier approach to food
You can lose body fat by making a few easy changes to your eating habits. It
will help you lose body fat if you:
- Avoid yoyo diets.
- Eat a wide variety of food
from all food groups. Check that you eat from the following food groups
every day – wholegrain bread and cereals, vegetables, fruit, milk and
dairy, and meat, fish or legumes and where possible choose low-fat
varieties.
- Reduce your intake of foods
that are high in fat, sugar and salt. Make soft drinks, lollies and snack
foods an occasional 'extra'. Most adults should eat no more than one or
two 'treats' a day. If you are overweight or inactive you may need to
limit treats to less than one a day.
- Try to balance an 'extra'
food with extra exercise. The more energy you burn, the more treats you
can afford to have. Remember, you should only add extra foods after you
have covered your nutrient needs with choices from the healthier food
groups.
- Cut down on saturated fats
and alcohol.
- Try to eat more fresh foods
and less processed foods.
- Avoid using food for comfort,
such as when you are upset, angry or stressed. Explore other healthy ways
to cope with these feelings.
The Australian Guide to Healthy
Eating includes information about how much and what types of food you need to
eat to maintain a healthy weight.
Exercise is important to weight loss
Exercise prevents muscle loss. So it is important to exercise when you are
losing weight. Exercise will protect your muscles and keep your metabolic rate
ticking over at a healthy level. The number of people who are overweight and
obese is increasing every year. This is because we have become more sedentary
(inactive). For most of us, physical activity is no longer a natural part of
our lifestyle so it must be structured into our daily schedule.
Get moving – it will give you energy
Some people feel too busy or too tired to exercise regularly, but exercise will
actually increase your energy levels and help you to feel less tired. Exercise
does not have to be overly strenuous to do any good. Even moderate amounts of
physical activity of about 30 minutes a day can speed up the metabolic rate and
aid weight loss.
The amount of energy you 'burn up' depends on your age, your gender and your
activity level. Young people burn more energy than older people. Men burn more
energy than women. More physically active people burn more energy than your
average couch potato!
A healthier approach to exercise
The best approach to increasing the level of physical activity in your life is
to take it slowly. You can increase your activity levels by simply increasing
movement throughout the day. The human body is designed for movement and any
physical activity brings benefits. Moderate intensity exercise – walking,
gardening, cycling, and even mowing the lawn – has been shown to help reduce
body fat.
Other suggestions for a more active lifestyle include:
- Play a sport that you enjoy.
- Walk instead of taking the
car on short trips.
- Get off the train, bus or
tram one stop early and walk the rest of the way.
- Play more outdoor games with
your children.
- Walk the dog.
- Take stairs instead of lifts.
- Choose exercise activities
you think are fun, rather than those you think are 'good' for you.
Type of help available
If you have been a chronic crash dieter for a number of years, you might need
professional help to reintroduce you to a healthy way of eating. If you are
overweight, over 40 years of age or haven't exercised regularly for a long
time, check with your doctor before you start any exercise campaign. For inspiration
on healthier cooking, have a look at the recipes section of the Better Health
Channel.
Where to get help
- Your doctor
- Dietitians Association of in your country.
- Recipes on the Health Recovery website.
Things to remember
- Yoyo dieting makes you gain
more weight in the long run because it lowers your metabolism.
- Obesity rates are on the rise
because the Australian lifestyle is becoming increasingly inactive.
- Any type of regular physical
activity, no matter how moderate, can help you to lose body fat.